Oscae libbeeich and hugo michaelis



Ni'rsc STATES PATENT rica.

OSCAR LIEBREIOH AND HUGO MICHAELIS, OF BERLIN, GERMANY, ASSIGNORS TOFRIEDRICH CARL GLASER, OF SAME PLACE.

f PREPARING EXTRACTS OF TOBACCO.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 283,622, dated August21, 1883.

Application filed March 17, 1883. (No specimens) To all 20. 1.0121, itmay concern.-

Be it known that we, OSCAR LIEBREIOH and Hoeo hIICHAELIS, subjects oftheKing of Prussia, residing at the city of Berlin, in the Kingdom ofPrussia and Empire of Germany, have invented new and useful Improvementsin Processes for Treating Tobacco, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to a mode of preparing an extract of tobacco,which consists in subjecting the tobacco to the action of volatileexample, by chloroform,

bon, and thc like.

fat, resin, and wax dissolving substances and of alkaline reactingliquids, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

A fixed dosing of the nicotine contained may be attained by treating theextract with acidulated water, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In carrying out the method the tobacco is subj ected to extraction byany substance which is volatile and which dissolves fatsas, for

chloride, ethylene-chloride, sulphide of ca- The extracting material,which after extraction is retained by the tobacco, is removed therefromby being forced out by air, carbonic acid or other gases, or by heatingand the production of a vacuum in he vessel in which the extraction iscarried on, and in this way the extracting material is again obtained.From the extract thus ob tained the extracting material. is distilledoff, and the last traces of the same are removed by heating, which maybe done in. a vacuum.

The extract now contains, in addition to other,

ingredients, a part of the nicotine, coloringmatters, waxy and fattycomponents, and, joined to the latter, the aroma of the tobacco. Afterthis the extract is for a considerable period agitated, in the presenceof heat, with an alkaline reacting aqueous liquid, most suitably asolution containing about one-half per cent. of ammonia. The aromaticcomponents are taken up by the alkaline reacting liquid, while a smeary,colored, and sticky mass remains behind. Coloring-matters and a part ofthe nicotine are also taken upby the alkaline liquid. The alkalineliquid charged with the mentioned materials is separated from the waxycomponents by filtration or centrifugaether, ethylidenetion, or othersimilar process. With the alkaline liquid thus obtained the tobacco isim pregnated by sprinkling, immersion, or similar treatment. The tobaccois then dried, while the aroma, color, and the like remain behind.

If a fixed amount of the nicotine contents is to be attained, theextract which has been freed from the extracting material is agitatedwith slightly acidulated water, (most suitably water containing aboutone-half per cent. of hy- 6p drochloric acid,) and the resultingsolution in which the nicotine is contained is separated from theundissolved remaining substances by filtration or similar treatment. Thesediment is washed out with water. By a greater or less 65 addition ofacid, and by regarding the amount of nicotine already present or stillremaining in the tobacco to be impregnated, the exact dosing orproportioning of the amount of nicotine required to be contained inproduct can be attained.

Under circumstances it may be advantageous, in place of raw tobacco, tosubject tobacco in any degree of manufacture to the process described;also, the several steps of the process may be divided among thedifferent steps of manufacture, so that, for example, the extraction maytake place'after fermentation, and the addition of the extract may takeplace only when the manufacture is complete.

In the above-described process nothing prevents the application ofsauce, which is occasionally employed to generate a certain taste in thesmoking of the tobacco.

In the following it is intended, in addition 85 to the process alreadyset forth, to describe some examples whereby the ch osen extractions, asalso the materials eventually used for the acid solutions, are varied,and it is to be noticed that these variations may also be effected 0 indifibrent manners.

Example 1. One kilogram of tobacco is subjected to extraction by aboutfour kilo grams of ethylidenechloride, until the ex- 'tractive flowingoff is no longer colored. The 9 5 tobacco thus treated is dried in orderto drive out the extractive which may yet be contained therein. Thisdrying is done in a closed vessel through which air is forced, so as tocause the ethylidene-chloride which is forced out by the air to becaught in suitable condensers and be regained for use. Theethylidone-chloride is distilled off from the extract to stand and cool,when waxy substances sepatakes place,

rate. The latter are taken from the liquor, and the tobacco, treated anddried as above set forth, has uniformly poured over it the ex tract,which has been cleaned and freed from waxy substances, after which thewhole is dried.

Example 2. In this example ethylidenechloride is to be used as anextracting material. The proportionate quantities, as also the operationof extracting and distilling, are the same as just described. If in thiscase the nicotine contained in the extract is to be removed, the extractis agitated, while being warmed, with one liter of acidsolution-containing about one- 'half per cent. of hydrochloric acid.

After cooling and filtering, the precipitate, which is now freed fromnicotine, is washed with water. This extract is now, as in the firstexample, agitated, while being warmed, with one liter of ammoniasolution containing one half per cent. of ammonia, and filtered aftercooling. The separation of the waxy substances again so that the tobaccowhich has been subjected to extraction and dried can then have uniformlypoured over it the filtrate, after the same has cooled, after which thetobacco is dried. By these means the desired result is attained of atobacco of an agreeable taste, and free from waxy, fatty, and resinoussubstances.

Example 3. In this third example is to be shown how an improvement ofthe tobacco can be undertaken with simultaneous dosing and aftercontinued agitation for of the nicotine contents, and in this casechloroform is to be used, as extracting material. The tobacco here usedas raw material is first examined by analysis in regard to its nicotinecontents, and as an example the same will be assumed as being three percent. One kilogram of extract is then subjected to extraction by aboutfour kilograms of chloroform. In the same manner as before the tobaccois subjected to air-drying to remove the absorbed chloroform, theextract is freed from chloroform by distillation, the precipitate isagitated, while being warmed, with one liter of acid solution containingone-half per cent. of nitric acid, and the solution is filtered. Theprecipitate. obtained is agitated with one liter of potash lyecontaining onehalf per cent. of potash, and again filtered;

From the acid solution, which contains all the nicotine, the nicotine isobtained by distillation with caustic lime. nicotine are obtained,corresponding to the above named contents of this material in thetobacco, and if, for example, these contents are to be reduced to oneper cent., ten grams of the nicotine obtained are added to the alkalinesolution, with which latter the tobacco is uniformly impregnated andthen dried, as before stated.

\Vhat we claim is The method of preparing an extract of tobacco, whichconsists in subjecting the tobacco to the action of volatile fat, resin,and wax dissolving substances, and of alkaline reacting liquids,substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands and seals in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

OSCAR'LIEBREICH. n s] HUGO MICHAELIS. n s] Witnesses:

MARC M. RUSSEN, O. L. THEODOR M'L' LLER.

Thirty grams of

